two-dimensional soliton

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• Soliton (optics) — In optics, the term soliton is used to refer to any optical field that does not change during propagation because of a delicate balance between nonlinear and linear effects in the medium. There are two main kinds of solitons: spatial solitons:… …   Wikipedia

• Dissipative soliton — Dissipative solitons (DSs) are stable solitary localized structures that arise in nonlinear spatially extended dissipative systems due to mechanisms of self organization. They can be considered as an extension of the classical soliton concept in… …   Wikipedia

• Polaron — A polaron is a quasiparticle composed of a charge and its accompanying polarization field. A slow moving electron in a dielectric crystal, interacting with lattice ions through long range forces will permanently be surrounded by a region of… …   Wikipedia

• Ricci flow — In differential geometry, the Ricci flow is an intrinsic geometric flow a process which deforms the metric of a Riemannian manifold in this case in a manner formally analogous to the diffusion of heat, thereby smoothing out irregularities in the… …   Wikipedia

• Solution of the Poincaré conjecture — This entry describes the solution of the Poincaré conjecture at a level intended for the general public. The proof described is that of Grigori Perelman using the Ricci flow developed by Richard Hamilton. Links to other expositions for general… …   Wikipedia

• Novikov–Veselov equation — In mathematics, the Novikov–Veselov equation (or Veselov–Novikov equation) is a natural (2+1) dimensional analogue of the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Unlike another (2+1) dimensional analogue of KdV, the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, it… …   Wikipedia

• Algebraic geometry — This Togliatti surface is an algebraic surface of degree five. Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which combines techniques of abstract algebra, especially commutative algebra, with the language and the problems of geometry. It… …   Wikipedia

• Instanton — An instanton or pseudoparticle is a notion appearing in theoretical and mathematical physics. Mathematically, a Yang Mills instanton is a self dual or anti self dual connection in a principal bundle over a four dimensional Riemannian manifold… …   Wikipedia

• Cartan matrix — In mathematics, the term Cartan matrix has two meanings. Both of these are named after the French mathematician Élie Cartan. In an example of Stigler s law of eponymy, Cartan matrices in the context of Lie algebras were first investigated by… …   Wikipedia

• Topological defect — Also see base concepts: topology, differential equations, quantum theory condensed matter physics .In mathematics and physics, a topological soliton or a topological defect is a solution of a system of partial differential equations or of a… …   Wikipedia

• Coriolis effect — For the psychophysical perception effect, see Coriolis effect (perception). Classical mechanics Newton s Second Law …   Wikipedia